Japan, and Tokyo in particular, boasts one of the world's most efficient, punctual, and extensive public transportation systems.

Trains: The Backbone of Tokyo Travel

• JR (Japan Railways) East: Operates many key lines, including:
  • Yamanote Line: A crucial loop line connecting major city hubs like Tokyo Station, Shinjuku, Shibuya, Ueno, Ikebukuro.
  • Chūō Line: Runs east-west through central Tokyo.
  • Keihin-Tōhoku Line: Runs north-south.
• Subway Systems:
  • Tokyo Metro: Nine lines, extensive coverage.
  • Toei Subway: Four lines, complements the Metro network.
  • The systems are well-integrated.
• IC Cards (Suica & Pasmo):
  • These are rechargeable smart cards that are ESSENTIAL. Get one immediately upon arrival.
  • Suica: Issued by JR East.
  • Pasmo: Issued by non-JR railways and subways.
  • They are virtually interchangeable for travel on almost all trains and buses in Tokyo and many other cities.
  • Can also be used for payment at many convenience stores, vending machines, and some shops.
  • Purchase at ticket machines at any major station. A small deposit (usually ¥500) is required, refundable if you return the card.
  • Can be added to smartphones (Apple Pay, Google Pay) with NFC capabilities for even greater convenience.
• Fares & Tickets:
  • Fares are distance-based.
  • While you can buy paper tickets, IC cards are far more convenient.
  • If your IC card has insufficient funds when exiting, use the fare adjustment machines near the gates.
• Commuter Pass (Teikiken):
  • If you commute regularly between two specific stations (e.g., home to work), a monthly or multi-month commuter pass can save money. It allows unlimited travel on the designated route. Can be loaded onto your IC card.
• Navigating:
  • Station signage is excellent, with English widely available within Tokyo.
  • Platform displays show upcoming trains, destinations, and train types (local, rapid, express).
  • Useful Apps: Google Maps, Jorudan, Navitime (Japan Travel).
• Etiquette on Trains:
  • Queue neatly on platforms where indicated.
  • Avoid loud conversations; talking on the phone is generally frowned upon.
  • Offer seats to elderly, pregnant, disabled, or those with small children (priority seats are marked).
  • Eating and drinking are generally acceptable although not very common, but avoid strong-smelling foods.
  • During rush hour (approx. 7:30-9:30 AM and 5:00-7:00 PM), trains can be extremely crowded.
  • At specific hours during the day some lines have few carriages reserved for women.

Buses

• Extensive network, useful for reaching areas not directly served by train stations.
• Pay when boarding (usually at the front) or when alighting (at the front), depending on the bus system. IC cards are accepted.
• Fares are often flat within central Tokyo (around ¥210, in 2025).
• Announcements and displays are increasingly in English.

Taxis

• Clean, reliable, and professional drivers.
• Doors open and close automatically (don't try to operate them yourself).
• Fares are metered and can be expensive, especially for long distances or during late hours (surcharge applies).
• Credit cards are increasingly accepted, but always good to have cash.
• Tipping is not necessary.